翻譯公司的翻譯人員，可能遇到一些挫折之后就會質疑自己的翻譯能力，因此，會進入翻譯的瓶頸期而不知所措，這時候，我們只能提高自己的翻譯能力才能走出來，那么作為一名翻譯員，怎么才能提高翻譯能力呢?

　　Translators in translation companies may question their translation ability after some setbacks. Therefore, they will enter the bottleneck of translation and do not know what to do. At this time, we can only improve our translation ability to come out. So as a translator, how can we improve our translation ability?

　　其實，“千里之行，始于足下”，翻譯的能力是要在實踐中成長的。不斷地訓練自己的翻譯能力，不停的進行翻譯。當你同一本書第一次翻譯和最后一次翻譯出現(xiàn)很明顯的差別時，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己進步了。

　　In fact, "the journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step", and the ability to translate is growing in practice. Constantly train your translation ability and keep translating. When there is a clear difference between the first translation and the last translation of the same book, you will find that you have made progress.

　　翻譯這條路是沒有什么捷徑可以走的，唯一的路就是不停的練習。一個同聲翻譯，在正式成為同聲翻譯之前，他至少精聽過大量的材料。而想要成為一個合格的翻譯，達到翻譯技能的水平，起碼要翻譯3-5萬字，想要成為一個熟練的翻譯，10-15萬字的量是不可少的。

　　There is no shortcut to translate this road. The only way is to keep practicing. At the same time, he had heard at least a great deal of material before he became a simultaneous interpreter. In order to be a qualified translator and achieve the level of translation skills, at least 30-50,000 words should be translated. To be a skilled translator, the amount of 100-150,000 words is indispensable.

　　那么，想問一下，大家現(xiàn)在翻譯了多少字呢?而在你翻譯的文字中，是不是涵蓋了各種類型和文體的素材呢?不管是論文、合同、還是產品說明，抑或是詩詞歌賦、散文小說，各種文體的翻譯都要勇于嘗試進行翻譯。

　　So, I would like to ask how many words have been translated? And in your translation, do you cover all kinds of materials? Whether it is a paper, a contract, or a product description, or poetry, lyrics, prose and fiction, the translation of various styles should be courageous to try to translate.

　　以前一直提倡翻譯要專才，但現(xiàn)在，翻譯不只要專才，還要通才。除了要精通某一領域的專業(yè)知識，同時也要學習和涉獵其他相關行業(yè)領域的知識，這才是21世紀需要的翻譯人才。

　　Translation has always been advocated as a specialist, but now translation is not only professional, but also versatile. In addition to being proficient in a particular field of expertise, we also need to learn and dabble in other related fields of knowledge, which is the translation talents needed in the 21st century.

　　疑問四

　　Question four

　　詞匯量重要么?

　　Is vocabulary important?

　　詞匯是要積累的，很難想象一個只有5000詞匯的人能翻譯好東西，因為找不到可以用來表達你想表達意思的詞。詞匯量代表一個人的思維能力,British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill，有90，000詞匯量，相當高，一個英語專業(yè)八級的學生按理說詞匯量是13,000，而一個受過良好教育的英美國人，詞匯量為25,000。

　　Vocabulary is to be accumulated. It's hard to imagine a person with only 5000 words can translate good things, because you can't find words to express what you want to express. Vocabulary represents a person's thinking ability. British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, has 90,000 vocabulary, which is quite high. An English major with TEM8 is supposed to have a vocabulary of 13,000, while an educated British and American has a vocabulary of 25,000.

　　疑問一

　　Question one

　　如何平衡筆記和聽力的關系?

　　How to balance the relationship between note taking and listening?

　　初學筆記，聽和記錄不能同步，聽的時候忘了記憶,記憶的時候忘了聽，聽辨分析的時候忘了記錄。最后是筆記也沒有寫下來，短期記憶也沒有發(fā)揮出來，無法進行信息輸出。

　　Initial note-taking, listening and recording can not be synchronized, when listening forget memory, when memory forget to listen, when listening analysis forget to record. Finally, notes are not written down, nor have short-term memories been played out.

　　口譯筆記，不是單純的機械記錄，更不是簡單的速記，它是融合聽、分析、記憶、記錄等多個環(huán)節(jié)的多任務作業(yè)。口譯員需要做到“一心多用”，合理的分配自己的精力(effort coordination)。初學口譯筆記的人，由于沒有不能合理的分配，難免出現(xiàn)聽和記錄不同步的現(xiàn)象。

　　Interpretation note-taking is not a simple mechanical record, nor a simple shorthand. It is a multi-task task that integrates listening, analysis, memory and recording. Interpreters need to "multipurpose" and reasonably allocate their energy (effort coordination). For beginners of interpreting notes, the phenomenon of asynchrony between listening and recording inevitably arises because of the unreasonable distribution of notes.

　　口譯的精力分配和協(xié)調類似于開車聽廣播。開車時需要高度集中精力，但是聽到感興趣的話題，會下意識分出精力去聽，油門減慢，減少車輛操控的精力。口譯亦然，要學會在各個任務間進行合理的調配。

　　The distribution and coordination of energy in interpreting are similar to driving and listening to the radio. Driving requires a high degree of concentration, but when you listen to interesting topics, you will subconsciously devote your energy to listening, slow down the throttle, and reduce the energy of vehicle control. If interpreting is the same, we must learn to make reasonable deployment among different tasks.

　　當聽到難點和主要信息點，需要分析時，可以放慢記錄的節(jié)奏，把更多的精力放在聽辨上。當聽辨內容難度較低時，精力則向記錄傾斜，加快書寫的節(jié)奏，做到總體平衡，適度調配。好似大腦中植入了一個閥門，通過閥門來調配精力的分配。

　　When we hear difficult points and main information points and need analysis, we can slow down the rhythm of recording and concentrate more on listening comprehension. When the difficulty of listening is low, the energy inclines to recording, speeds up the rhythm of writing, achieves overall balance and moderate allocation. It's like putting a valve in the brain and distributing the energy through the valve.

　　通過合理的方法，進行有效的聯(lián)系，可以提高多重任務的精力協(xié)調能力，實現(xiàn)聽、寫和記憶同步。

　　Through reasonable methods and effective contacts, the energy coordination ability of multiple tasks can be improved, and the synchronization of listening, writing and memory can be realized.

　　第一種方法，在聽一段話同時，相對勻速的寫數(shù)字(按一定順序書寫，如從1到100或從100到1)，聽完后，復述該段內容。

　　The first method is to write numbers at relatively uniform speed (from 1 to 100 or from 100 to 1) while listening to a passage. After listening, repeat the passage.

　　一定要注意書寫的速度，不能幾秒鐘寫一個數(shù)字，也不能一秒鐘寫N個數(shù)字，更不能一會寫的飛快，一會寫的比蝸牛爬都慢，一定要保持勻速。聽到主要信息，需要更多精力記憶的時候，適當放慢一點寫的速度。信息相對次要的時候，可以適當加快書寫速度。此外，寫數(shù)字的時候，順序不能亂。

　　We must pay attention to the speed of writing. We can't write a number in a few seconds or N numbers in a second. We can't write fast in a moment. We can write slower in a moment than snails. We must keep a uniform speed. When you hear the main message and need more energy to remember, slow down the writing speed appropriately. When information is relatively minor, the writing speed can be accelerated. In addition, when writing numbers, the order can not be confused.

　　第二種方法，邊跟讀，邊相對勻速的按照一定順序寫數(shù)字，聽完后，復述。操作形式同方法一。此外，每換一個段子，數(shù)字的起點也要發(fā)生變化。如果上一段從1寫到了50，那么聽新段落時，起點不能選擇50或49，要選一個離50盡量遠的數(shù)字，避免實現(xiàn)在腦中形成定式，達不到練習的效果。

　　The second way is to read the numbers along the same order, and repeat after listening. The form of operation is the same as method. In addition, every time a paragraph changes, the starting point of the number changes. If the last paragraph is written from 1 to 50, then when listening to the new paragraph, you can't choose 50 or 49 as the starting point. You should choose a number as far away as possible from 50, so as to avoid the formation of stereotypes in your brain, which can't achieve the effect of practice.

　　疑問二

　　Question two

　　怎樣才算合格的翻譯表現(xiàn)?

　　How to qualify the translation performance?

　　好的譯員知道怎樣把握節(jié)奏。新翻譯經常出現(xiàn)一個問題，就是沒有抑揚頓挫，一味地往前趕。最后跟得很辛苦，而且不一定跟得上，信息丟失很厲害。

　　A good interpreter knows how to control the rhythm. There is often a problem with new translation, that is to say, there is no way to go forward without a cadence. In the end, it was hard to follow, and was not always able to keep up with it.

　　一個成熟的翻譯，必須有自己獨特的、感覺舒適的節(jié)奏。大家各有習慣，但是剛剛開始培養(yǎng)節(jié)奏的過程中，有幾點可供參考。

　　A mature translation must have its own unique and comfortable rhythm. We all have habits, but there are several points for reference in the process of training.

　　a. 先說說一味往前趕的壞處。沒有抑揚頓挫的說話，聽眾聽起來會很累，漸漸地就聽不進去了。另外，自己也繃得太緊、沒有放松的機會，很容易出錯。有時候甚至自己都不知道說哪里了，然后整句整句地丟失。

　　A. first, let's talk about the disadvantages of going forward. Without a cadence, the audience would be tired and would not listen. Besides, they are too tight and have no chance to relax. It is very easy to make mistakes. Sometimes I even don't know where to say it, then I lose it in whole sentence.

　　b. 正確的做法是：句子、意群之間要有停頓，句子、意群中間快速推進。比如：“我在考慮入一個feature phone。以前大愛短信，改用觸摸屏手機后，人生一大樂事就此消亡。”

　　The correct way for B. is that there should be a pause between sentences and groups of ideas. For example, "I'm thinking of entering a feature phone. Before the Big Love SMS, switch to touch screen phone, a great pleasure in life will die out.

　　把這個句子簡單看成四個意群，每個意群完成頓一下，意群內快速推進。即：每個下劃線標出的部分說很快，一段下劃線完成，停一下。有點羅嗦了。

　　Think of this sentence as a simple group of four meanings, and each group will complete a quick move. That is: each underlined part is said to be finished very quickly, and a short line is completed. It's a bit wordy.

　　c. 停頓是為了幫助客戶分解句子、更好地抓住講者的實際意思。中間說得快，是為了跟上講者的速度，不丟失信息。

　　C. pause is to help customers break down sentences and better grasp the actual meaning of speakers. The middle said quickly, in order to keep pace with the speaker, without losing information.

　　d. 有時候會遇到語速非常快的客戶，這時就需要你的“薄嘴皮子”了。但中間還是要適當停頓。

　　D. sometimes meets customers who speak very fast, and you need your "thin mouth". But the middle must be stopped properly.

　　e. 為了培養(yǎng)良好的節(jié)奏，一方面需要磨嘴皮子，一方面需要理解講者的實際意思、有效地組織語言。還有一個容易忽視的點：調節(jié)呼吸，不注意的話會聽起來很喘，聽眾還是覺得累。

　　E. In order to cultivate a good rhythm, on the one hand, we need to sharpen our mouths, on the other hand, we need to understand the actual meaning of the speaker and organize the language effectively. There's another easy to overlook: breathing, if you don't pay attention to it, it will sound very breathless, and the audience will still feel tired.

　　疑問三

　　Question three

　　如何評斷一個工作該不該接?

　　How to judge whether a job should be answered?

　　要敢于接會，不意味著亂接會。

　　If we dare to meet, it does not mean that we will meet in disorder.

　　開始階段，不要頻繁的去接技術難度過大的會議，尤其是技術培訓、技術研討會等，比如說某個醫(yī)學或者化工的研討會。如果你沒有足夠的背景知識，準備時間也不充足的情況下，最好不要接。

　　At the beginning, don't frequently attend technical difficult meetings, especially technical training, technical seminars, such as a medical or chemical seminar. If you don't have enough background knowledge and you don't have enough time to prepare, you'd better not pick up.

　　如果自己準備不足，在同傳間里說不出來，一派胡言，或者在交傳的會場上磕磕巴巴，一問三不知，會極大的影響到客戶對你的印象，嚴重者，直接被打入冷宮，未起跑就摔倒。

　　If you are not prepared enough, you can't speak out in the same biographies, you can't talk nonsense, or you can bump and bump in the Convention venue. If you don't know one thing or another, you will greatly affect the impression of your customers. If you are serious, you will be directly put into the cold palace and fall before you start.

　　勸你多給自己一些準備時間，如果你一個月只接到了一個會議，你把它做好了，也是成功。一個月內你接到了4個會，但是每個都做的差強人意，也不能算是成功。

　　You are advised to give yourself more time to prepare. If you receive only one meeting a month, you will succeed in doing it well. In a month, you have received 4 meetings, but each of them is not satisfactory, nor can it be regarded as success.

　　此外，如果有翻譯公司問你：“一個小時同傳，一個人做可以嗎?”或者“一個兩個小時晚宴的同傳，吃飯的時候不用翻譯，只要交流的時候同傳就好了。”這樣的會要慎重的接，有可能是一個人做完遠不止一個小時的同傳，exhausted，最后得不償失。如果真的出現(xiàn)這種超時的狀況，自己不要吃啞巴虧，要及時的和翻譯公司或客戶溝通，通知其實際工作時間。不用擔心會得罪翻譯公司和客戶，及時告知，是你專業(yè)性的表現(xiàn)。

　　In addition, if a translation company asks you, "One hour simultaneous transmission, can one person do it?" or "A two-hour dinner simultaneous transmission, eat without translation, as long as the communication simultaneous transmission is good." This kind of meeting needs careful acceptance. It may be that a person has completed a simultaneous transmission which is far more than an hour, exhausted, and ultimately lost. If there is such a situation of overtime, don't suffer dumb losses. Communicate with the translation company or customers in time and inform them of their actual working hours. Don't worry about offending translation companies and customers. Timely disclosure is your professional performance.

　　對于新人，會前準備重要，會后總結同樣重要。如果條件允許，可以對自己的口譯進行錄音，會后，認真回聽，總結經驗校驗。總之，對于新人，開始階段，不要單純的去追求會議的數(shù)量，更要看重任務的完成質量，用心做好每一場會，用過硬質量樹立自己的口碑。

　　For new people, preparation before the meeting is important, and the summary after the meeting is equally important. If conditions permit, you can record your own interpretation, listen carefully after the meeting, and summarize the experience of verification. In short, for newcomers, at the beginning, we should not simply pursue the number of meetings, but also pay attention to the quality of task completion. We should do a good job in every meeting and build up our own reputation with hard quality.

　　疑問四

　　Question four

　　需要“包裝”自己嗎?

　　Do I need to "wrap" myself?

　　有的譯員問了，已經在各大招聘網站投了簡歷，為何很少能獲得應聘機會?那是因為你的簡歷不夠專業(yè)，沒有體現(xiàn)出自身優(yōu)勢，還沒來得及應聘就已經被刷掉了。

　　Some interpreters have asked why they seldom get the chance to apply after they have sent their resumes to major recruitment websites. That's because your resume is not professional enough to reflect their own advantages and has been brushed out before they can apply.

　　在求職時招聘者最關心的不是你以前是否當過班長、組織過社會活動，而是你是否有相關翻譯經驗，以及參與過哪些相關翻譯項目。

　　When looking for a job, the employer's main concern is not whether you have been a monitor or organized social activities before, but whether you have relevant translation experience and what related translation projects you have participated in.

　　因此，譯員應聘時在簡歷當中突出客戶關心的內容即可。另外，對于不同的客戶，你可能需要準備不同的簡歷，這樣才便于客戶了解你是否能勝任他們的工作。

　　Therefore, an interpreter should highlight the contents of his client's attention in his resume. In addition, for different customers, you may need to prepare different resumes so that customers can know if you are qualified for their work.

　　疑問五

　　Question five

　　讀了翻譯專業(yè)，好找工作嗎?

　　Have you read the translation major, looking for a job well?

　　不一定，因為有些同學雖然在學校認真上課，但是距離實際應用仍有距離;另外一個重要原因是很多大公司“保守”思想泛濫。

　　Not necessarily, because some students are serious in school, but there is still a distance from the practical application; another important reason is that many large companies "conservative" thinking is rampant.

　　所謂“保守”，公司喜歡用一些固定的翻譯，一個是長期合作價格可以壓低，另一個就是默契度不錯，重新磨合新的口譯需要時間成本。所以很多公司并不樂意任用新人。所以在學習的過程中，也不要忘記多參加實踐，積累相關的人脈資源。

　　So-called "conservative", the company likes to use some fixed translation, one is long-term cooperation price can be reduced, the other is good tacit understanding, it takes time cost to reconcile the new interpretation. So many companies are not willing to hire new people. So in the process of learning, do not forget to take part in practice and accumulate related resources.

　　疑問六

　　Question six

　　做好翻譯什么最重要

　　What is the most important in translation?

　　就想前面說的，現(xiàn)在的社會對于翻譯人才的要求是通才。除了自己擅長的領域要不斷地強化之外，還要不斷地學習其他方面的知識，關心時事政治，了解經濟文化，明白與擅長領域

 

　　Just like what I said before, today's society demands versatile talents for translation. In addition to constantly strengthening their areas of expertise, they should also continue to learn other aspects of knowledge, care about current affairs and politics, understand economy and culture, understand and be good at areas.